# Breakout
Ett breakout-interface är ett fysiskt höghastighetsinterface som görs om till flera logiska interface av lägre hastighet.
## Inkoppling
I praktiken kopplas enbart 1 speciell SFP (fiber alt. DAC) in i switchen som går till en breakoutkabel. En breakoutkabel delar sig i flera delar. Kabeln kan vara fristående från SFPn eller integrerad i SFPn. Breakout via en fiber-SFP stöder finns för både multimode och singlemode.
## Hastigheter
Vilka hastigheter som stöds beror på vilka hastigheter som porten stöder och därmed vilka kanaler (engelska: lanes) som ligger bakom hastigheten. Exempelvis är en 40 Gbit/s-interface egentligen 4x10 Gbit/s, vilket gör att 1 40 Gbit/s-interface kan bli 4x10Gbit/s-interface via breakout.
| Rate
| Technology
| Breakout Capable
| Electric Lanes
| Optical Lanes\*
|
| **10G**
| SFP+
| No
| 10G
| 10G
|
| **25G**
| SFP28
| No
| 25G
| 25G
|
| **40G**
| QSFP+
| Yes
| 4x 10G
| 4x10G, 2x20G
|
| **50G**
| SFP56
| No
| 50G
| 50G
|
| **100G**
| QSFP28
| Yes
| 4x 25G
| 100G, 4x25G, 2x50G
|
| **200G**
| QSFP56
| Yes
| 4x 50G
| 4x50G
|
| **2x 100G**
| QSFP28-DD
| Yes
| 2x (4x25G)
| 2x (4x25G)
|
| **400G**
| QSFP56-DD
| Yes
| 8x 50G
| 4x 100G, 8x50G
|
## Konfiguration
Breakout konfigureras ej direkt på interfacet utan i global config-läge.
### Modulläge
Det går att konfigurera en hel modul i breakoutläge. Då startar modulen om vid konfiguration.
```
switch# configure terminal
switch(config)# interface breakout module 1
Module will be reloaded. Are you sure you want to continue(yes/no)? yes
! Återställ
no interface breakout module module_number
```
### Per-interfaceläge
Ingen omstart av modul sker när det konfigureras i interfaceläge.
```
! ! interface
interface breakout module 1 port 1 map 10g-4xswitch
! flera interface
interface breakout module 1 port 1-4 map 10g-4xswitch
! återställ
no interface breakout module 1 port 1 map 10g-4x
! Beroende på porttyp så syns olika varianter:
C93600CD-GX# show int eth1/32
Ethernet1/32 is down (XCVR not inserted)
admin state is down, Dedicated Interface
Hardware: 10000/25000/40000/50000/100000/200000/400000 Ethernet, address: 643a.eada.bad0 (bia 643a.eada.bad0)
C93600CD-GX(config)# interface breakout module 1 port 32 map ?
100g-2x Breaks out a 200G high BW front panel port into two 100G ports
100g-2x-pam4 Breaks out a 200G high BW front panel port into two 100G ports with mode pam4
100g-4x Breaks out a 400G high BW front panel port into four 100G ports
10g-4x Breaks out a 40G high BW front panel port into four 10G ports
200g-2x Breaks out a 400G high BW front panel port into two 200G ports
25g-4x Breaks out a 100G high BW front panel port into four 25G ports
50g-2x Breaks out a 100G high BW front panel port into two 50G ports
50g-4x Breaks out a 200G high BW front panel port into four 50G ports
```
Verifiering:
```
switch(config-if)# show int eth1/49 transceiver
Ethernet1/49
transceiver is present
type is QSFP-40G-SR-BD
name is CISCO-AVAGO
part number is AFBR-79EBPZ-CS2
revision is 01
switch(config-if)# show int eth1/52 transceiver
Ethernet1/52
transceiver is present
type is QSFP-Cazadero
name is CISCO-DNI
part number is CAZADERO-R
revision is 03
nominal bitrate is 10000 MBit/sec per channel
switch(config-if)# show int eth1/53 transceiver
Ethernet1/53
transceiver is present
type is QSFP-Cazadero
name is CISCO-DNI
part number is CAZADERO-R
revision is 03
nominal bitrate is 10000 MBit/sec per channel
switch(config)# interface breakout module 1 port 52-53 map 10g-4x
switch(config-if)# show int br | i up
mgmt0 -- up 10.122.160.192 100 1500
Eth1/49 -- eth routed up none 40G(D) — Running 40G
Eth1/50 -- eth routed up none 40G(D) --
Eth1/52/1 -- eth routed up none 10G(D) — Broken out to 10G
Eth1/53/1 -- eth routed up none 10G(D) -- Broken out to 10G
```
## FEC för breakout
Forward error correction (FEC) behövs på alla kablar förutom 1-2 meter passiva DAC-kablar. Standard i Ciscoswitchar är FC-FEC CL74 men RS-FEC Consortium 1.6, RS-FEC IEEE, och andra FEC-agloritmer kan konfigureras.
För 25gbit/s Ethernet används två primära FEC-algoritmer:
- FC-FEC, felrättning med låg latens under 100 nanosekunder, optimerad för bursts. Används på 3 och 5 meter passiva DAC-kablar och på optiska kablar upp till 10 meter. Används även på 100Gbit/s-interface.
- RS-FEC. Bättre felrättning. Krävs på 25Gbit/s multimode fiber, upp till 100 meter. Kan även behövs på aktiv DAC över 10 meter.
### Konfiguration och verifiering
```
switch# (config-if)# fec ?
auto FEC auto
fc-fec CL74(25/50G)off Turn FEC off
rs-cons16 RS FEC Consortium 1.6 (25G)
rs-fec CL91(100G) or Consortium 1.5 (25/50G)
rs-ieee RS FEC IEEE (25G)
switch# show interface fec
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Ifindex Admin-fec Oper-fec Status Speed Type
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Eth1/1 0x1a000000 auto auto connected 10G SFP-H10GB-AOC2M
Eth1/2 0x1a000200 Rs-fec notconneced auto QSFP-100G-AOC3M
Eth1/3/1 0x38014000 auto auto disabled auto QSFP-H40G-AOC3M
Eth1/3/2 0x38015000 auto auto disabled auto QSFP-H40G-AOC3M
Eth1/3/3 0x38016000 auto auto disabled auto QSFP-H40G-AOC3M
Eth1/3/4 0x38017000 auto auto disabled auto QSFP-H40G-AOC3M
```
## Lista över Nexusswitchar
Den här saxades 2026-04-01 från [Cisco](https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/datacenter/nexus9000/sw/7-x/interfaces/configuration/guide/b_Cisco_Nexus_9000_Series_NX-OS_Interfaces_Configuration_Guide_7x/b_Cisco_Nexus_9000_Series_NX-OS_Interfaces_Configuration_Guide_7x_chapter_010.html). Det är bäst att läsa deras dokumentation för relevant info.
| Switches
| 4x10G
| 4x25G
| 2x50G
| 2x100G
| 2x200G
| 2x400G
| 4x50G
| 4x100G
| 8x100G
|
|---|
| N9K-X9636C-RX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9636C-R
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9636Q-R
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X96136YC-R
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N3K-C3636C-R
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N3K-C36180YC-R
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-93108TC-EX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-93180YC-EX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-93108TC-FX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-93180YC-FX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-9348GC-FXP
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9732C-EX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9736C-EX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9732C-EXM
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9736C-FX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9736Q-FX
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9788TC-FX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9732C-FX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C9348GC-FXP
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C9336C-FX2
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C93216TC-FX2
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C93360YC-FX2
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C9364C-GX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
| No
|
| N9K-C9316D-GX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-C93600CD-GX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-X9716D-GX
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-C9332D-GX2B
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-C9348D-GX2A
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-X9400-16W
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| No
| Yes
| No
| No
|
| N9K-X9400-8D
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|
| N9K-X98900CD-A
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
| Yes
| Yes
| No
|